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Pulmonary
10 entries across 2 regions · 50 questions
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Thorax
- DiaphragmHY MuscleDome-shaped musculotendinous partition between the thorax and abdomen. It is the main muscle of inspiration and is supplied by the phrenic nerves (C3–C5).
- Intercostal spaceHY Space / regionSpace between adjacent ribs containing three muscle layers and the intercostal neurovascular bundle, which runs along the lower border of the rib above.
- LungsHY OrganPaired organs of respiration. The right lung has three lobes and the left has two plus the lingula; lobe location drives exam findings and imaging signs.
- Main bronchiHY OrganThe two airways arising at the carina. The right main bronchus is wider, shorter and more vertical, so foreign bodies and aspirate usually enter the right lung.
- MediastinumHY Space / regionCentral compartment of the thorax between the pleural cavities, divided into superior and inferior parts. Knowing what is in each compartment leads you to the differential for a mediastinal mass.
- Phrenic nerveHY NerveNerve from C3–C5 that descends through the neck and mediastinum. It is the sole motor supply of the diaphragm and carries sensation from the pericardium, mediastinal pleura and central diaphragm.
- Pleural cavityHY Space / regionPotential space between the visceral and parietal pleura around each lung. It's the site of pneumothorax and pleural effusion and the target of thoracentesis and chest tubes.
- Pulmonary arteriesHY ArteryThe pulmonary trunk and its right and left branches carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. They're where pulmonary emboli lodge.
- TracheaHY OrganCartilage-reinforced airway from the larynx (C6) to its bifurcation at the carina (about T4–T5). Its midline position is an important exam and radiographic sign.